Research Development

Staff Publications

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Find out what your colleagues have been writing. This section features articles published by staff working for St Helens and Knowsley Teaching Hospitals and Halton, Knowsley and St Helens community staff.

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All publications by 'Lloyd M'



Mersey and West Lancashire Teaching Hospitals Staff

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St Helens and Knowsley Hospital Staff - Publications pre April 2024

446 A qualitative exploration using focus groups, of the perceived barriers and enablers of hospital pharmacists to participating in simulation based training

Introduction The role of hospital pharmacists has changed significantly over the past decade with a need for further educational interventions to support their professional development. Simulation based training (SBT) is widely used by other healthcare professionals to enhance skill acquisition and performance (1). However, the use of SBT does not appear..

Published: 13/04/2023
Authors: Lea N, Lloyd M, Bennett N

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A mixed-methods evaluation of the impact of a pharmacist-led feedback pilot intervention on insulin prescribing in a hospital setting

Aims To explore the impact of a prescribing feedback intervention on insulin prescribing. Methods This was a mixed-methods study in a hospital setting. An insulin prescribing feedback intervention was delivered verbally and in writing to twelve doctors. Insulin prescribing error frequency was compared to ten doctors who had not received..

Published: 13/03/2021
Authors: Lloyd M, Bennett N, Wilkinson A, Furlong NJ, Cardwell J, Michaels S

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Evaluating the impact of a pharmacist-led prescribing feedback intervention

Background Prescribing errors are prevalent in hospital settings with provision of feedback recommended to support prescribing of doctors. Feedback on prescribing has been described as feasible and valued but limited by doctors, with pharmacists described as credible facilitators of prescribing feedback. Evidence supporting prescribing feedback has been limited to date...

Published: 16/12/2020
Authors: Lloyd M, O'Brien S, Hardy KJ, Furlong NJ

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Evaluating the views of doctors and nurses on the delivery of a safe insulin tips (SIPS) educational programme

Aim To evaluate the views of doctors and nurses on the delivery and use of a safe insulin tips (SIPS) educational programme. Methods Twelve SIPS were developed covering key areas of safe insulin use by a multi‐professional collaboration of patients and healthcare professionals. Individual SIPs were emailed weekly over 12..

Published: 07/10/2020
Authors: Lloyd M, Michaels S, Cardwell J, Furlong NJ

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Comparison of pharmacy technicians’ and doctors’ medication transcribing errors at hospital discharge

Objectives To compare the transcribing error rates of discharge prescriptions between pharmacy technicians and doctors in an acute hospital setting. Methods Pharmacy technicians were trained in the transcribing of discharge medications from inpatient to discharge medication charts. Prospective prescribing audits were undertaken over 5 days on eight hospital medical wards by..

Published: 03/03/2020
Authors: Lloyd M

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Understanding randomised controlled trials: a guide for prescribers

​Randomised controlled trials are popular studies used to compare two or more groups or treatment interventions. Randomised controlled trials often create evidence to inform clinical practice; therefore, it is important that prescribers are able to interpret the design and findings of these studies, which support formulary and policy decisions, and..

Published: 27/06/2019
Authors: Lloyd M, Williamson J

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Exploring the impact of a pharmacist‐led feedback intervention on insulin prescribing error frequency

Aims The aim of this research was to explore the impact of pharmacist‐led feedback on insulin prescribing. Methods This study was undertaken in a large UK teaching hospital. Ward pharmacists were trained in the delivery of prescribing feedback. Definitions of insulin prescribing errors were based on the National Diabetes..

Published: 26/06/2019
Authors: Bennett N, Cardwell J, Furlong NJ, Hart A, Lloyd M, Michaels S

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Simulation-based training to support healthcare staff in the management of hypoglycaemia

Aims To evaluate the use of multiprofessional high‐fidelity simulation to educate nurses and healthcare assistants on the management of hypoglycaemia and diabetic ketoacidosis. Methods A simulation‐based training event was developed by a multidisciplinary team. Nurses and healthcare assistants on two hospital wards were invited to participate. Effectiveness of..

Published: 26/06/2019
Authors: Cardwell J, Furlong NJ, Hart A, Lloyd M, Michaels S, Rowson M

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Exploring the impact of a feedback intervention on insulin prescribing behaviour

Aims The aim of this research was to explore the impact of feedback on insulin prescribing behaviour. Method(s) Doctors that had received feedback on their insulin prescribing were invited to participate in the study. Semi-structured interviews were used to explore the potential impact of feedback on their insulin prescribing...

Published: 26/06/2019
Authors: Bennett N, Cardwell J, Furlong NJ, Hart A, Lloyd M, Michaels S

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Exploring the impact of pharmacist-led feedback on prescribing behaviour: A qualitative study

Background Prescribing errors occur frequently in hospital settings. Interventions to influence prescribing behaviour are needed with feedback one potential intervention to improve prescribing practice. Doctors have reported a lack of feedback on their prescribing previously whilst the literature exploring the impact of feedback on prescribing behaviour is limited. Objectives To..

Published: 16/01/2019
Authors: Furlong NJ, Hardy KJ, Lloyd M

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Comparison of pharmacy technicians’ and doctors’ medication transcribing errors at hospital discharge

Objectives  To compare the transcribing error rates of discharge prescriptions between pharmacy technicians and doctors in an acute hospital setting.   Methods  Pharmacy technicians were trained in the transcribing of discharge medications from inpatient to discharge medication charts. Prospective prescribing audits were undertaken over 5 days on eight hospital medical wards by..

Published: 14/08/2018
Authors: Lloyd M

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Exploring hospital pharmacists’perceptions of their medication communication with prescribers

Abstract Prescribing errors are common and problematic in hospital settings in the UK. Pharmacists have been described as integral in the interception of prescribing errors, with effective medication communication between pharmacists and prescribers important to resolve and optimize prescribing outcomes. However, poor communication between healthcare professionals, including pharmacists and prescribers,..

Published: 16/05/2018
Authors: Furlong NJ, Hardy KJ, Lloyd M

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Exploring pharmacist experiences of delivering individualised prescribing error feedback in an acute hospital setting

​ Highlights • Delivery of prescribing error feedback is valued by hospital pharmacists and considered sustainable • Pharmacists report altered prescribing behaviour and improved prescribing following receipt of feedback • Pharmacists report greater team-work and prescriber communication following delivery of feedback • Delivering prescribing error feedback can improve the self-confidence and self-worth of pharmacists Lloyd,..

Published: 20/12/2017
Authors: Lloyd M, Furlong NJ, Hardy KJ, O'Brien S

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Exploring the impact of feedback on prescribing error rates

​ Background Prescribing errors are prevalent in hospital settings with feedback identified as one potential error reduction strategy. Hospital pharmacists work alongside prescribers at ward level and are credible facilitators of prescribing error feedback. A formalised programme of pharmacist-led prescribing error feedback was designed and implemented  Objective To determine the impact..

Published: 17/08/2017
Authors: Lloyd M, O'Brien S, Hardy KJ, Furlong NJ

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Effect of academic detailing on insulin prescribing: a before and after study

​Abstract Introduction and aims Insulin is a high risk medication with prescribing errors potentially compromising patient care. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of educational outreach on insulin prescribing in a hospital setting. Methods Insulin prescribing was prospectively audited over a four week period. Hospital pharmacists..

Published: 28/04/2017
Authors: Hart A, Lloyd M, Furlong NJ, Hardy KJ

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Prescribing Errors in Patients

​ Objective  To evaluate the prevalence, type and severity of prescribing errors observed between grades of prescriber, ward area, admission or discharge and type of medication prescribed. Design  Ward-based clinical pharmacists prospectively documented prescribing errors at the point of clinically checking admission or discharge prescriptions. Error categories and severities were assigned..

Published: 19/07/2016
Authors: Lloyd M

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St Helens Community Staff

Evaluating the impact of a pharmacist-led prescribing feedback intervention

Background Prescribing errors are prevalent in hospital settings with provision of feedback recommended to support prescribing of doctors. Feedback on prescribing has been described as feasible and valued but limited by doctors, with pharmacists described as credible facilitators of prescribing feedback. Evidence supporting prescribing feedback has been limited to date...

Published: 16/12/2020
Authors: Lloyd M, O'Brien S, Hardy KJ, Furlong NJ

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Exploring pharmacist experiences of delivering individualised prescribing error feedback in an acute hospital setting

​ Highlights • Delivery of prescribing error feedback is valued by hospital pharmacists and considered sustainable • Pharmacists report altered prescribing behaviour and improved prescribing following receipt of feedback • Pharmacists report greater team-work and prescriber communication following delivery of feedback • Delivering prescribing error feedback can improve the self-confidence and self-worth of pharmacists Lloyd,..

Published: 20/12/2017
Authors: Lloyd M, Furlong NJ, Hardy KJ, O'Brien S

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Exploring attitudes and opinions of pharmacists toward delivering prescribing error feedback

Background Prescribing error (PE) rates have been extensively reported in the literature. Various interventions at reducing PEs have been studied with some success, yet PEs continue to be a challenge for the health care system. Prescriber feedback has been proposed as one mechanism to reduce PEs in seminal studies. Pharmacists..

Published: 19/07/2016
Authors: Furlong NJ, Hardy KJ, Lloyd M, O'Brien S

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Formalized prescribing error feedback from hospital pharmacists

Abstract Doctors have reported a lack of awareness of their prescribing errors with lack of feedback considered a system failure. This article summarizes the views of hospital doctors about receiving formal prescribing error feedback from ward-based pharmacists. Lloyd, M; Watmough, SD; O'Brien, SV; Furlong, N; Hardy, K. (2015). Formalized prescribing error..

Published: 19/07/2016
Authors: Furlong NJ, Hardy KJ, Lloyd M, O'Brien S

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Knowsley Community Staff

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Halton Community Staff

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North West Boroughs Community Health Staff

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