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Research Development

Staff Publications

 Small purple icon of a book with a magnifying glass on top  Staff Publications

Find out what your colleagues have been writing. This section features articles published by staff working for St Helens and Knowsley Teaching Hospitals and Halton, Knowsley and St Helens community staff.

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All publications by 'Gallagher CG'


Mersey and West Lancashire Teaching Hospitals Staff

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St Helens and Knowsley Hospital Staff - Publications pre April 2024

P281 Impact of pre-pregnancy counselling on HbA1c level and pregnancy outcomes in women with pre-existing diabetes

Aims The aim of our study was to assess uptake of pre-pregnancy counselling and its impact on HbA1c level. We looked to establish whether lower HbA1c levels and counselling improved outcomes in pregnant women with pre-existing diabetes. Methods Electronic record of all pregnant women with pre-existing diabetes booked..

Published: 25/04/2023
Authors: Collings S, Christian S, Pankaja S, McNulty S, Davies H, Milne R, Gallagher CG, Bujawansa S

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P280 Impact of introducing an intensive support package alongside continuous glucose monitoring on neonatal outcomes and...

Aims The National Diabetes in Pregnancy Audit in 2020 demonstrated that the percentage increase of women with type 1 diabetes under our service achieving an HbA1c

Published: 25/04/2023
Authors: Milne R, McNulty S, Pankaja S, Davies H, Gallagher CG, Christian S, Bujawansa S

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P277 Patient and public involvement (PPI) exploring the experiences of women with gestational diabetes...

Aim Gestational Diabetes (GDM) affects 1 in 23 UK pregnancies and can lead to adverse maternal & neonatal outcomes. PPI empowers those affected by a condition to influence future care. The aim of this project was to explore the experiences of GDM care for a group of women and their partners attending a..

Published: 25/04/2023
Authors: Gallagher CG, Christian S, Pankaja S, McNulty S, Davies H, Milne R, Bujawansa S

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P137 Follow up screening for diabetes after gestational diabetes 2019 versus 2022

Aims NICE guidelines for screening state that all GDM patients should be screened for diabetes at 6 to 12 weeks postpartum. Previous published data have given a national rate of less than 20% [1]. Our previously published data showed a 45% follow up [2]. We re-reviewed our screening rate after the interventions of: discussion with and..

Published: 25/04/2023
Authors: McNulty S, Milne R, Gallagher CG, Pankaja S, Christian S, Davies H, Bujawansa S

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P169 Service evaluation to determine the reason for increased gestational diabetes (GDM) referrals following SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

Aims England and Wales report on average, 700,000 annual pregnancies. From these 5% are complicated with hyperglycaemia with 87.5% of these Gestational diabetes (GDM). Pregnant women living with obesity are at higher risk of developing GDM. There is a linear relationship between glucose and adverse pregnancy outcomes. We noted a marked increase in..

Published: 23/03/2022
Authors: Gallagher CG, Milne R, Davies H, McNulty S, Pankaja S, Bujawansa S

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P145 Service evaluation examining the understanding of breastfeeding among women with diabetes

Aims Breastfeeding is beneficial for a mother, baby and society. Enhancing breastfeeding rates has potential to save lives and drive improvements in public health. Breastfed babies have a lower risk of developing childhood-onset diabetes. On average breastfeeding rates in St Helens are between 26.5% and 31.6% at 6-8 weeks. The aim of..

Published: 23/03/2022
Authors: Gallagher CG, Bujawansa S, Milne R, Michaels S, McNulty S, Westall S

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P257 Focus groups to explore the views of carbohydrate counting education sessions

Aims To identify key themes in adults with type 1 diabetes about their views on insulin-carbohydrate counting education (ICE) sessions using focus groups. Methods We used a qualitative methodology utilising individual, semi-structured, taped, transcribed and analysed focus groups with individuals who previously attended an ICE session. Four focus groups were conducted..

Published: 23/03/2022
Authors: Edon E, Westall S, Gallagher CG

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A service evaluation to assess the dietary management of hospitalised patients with diabetes receiving enteral nutrition

Background There has been a big drive from the UK government and Diabetes UK to provide improved psychological care for patients with diabetes. In addition to the emotional burden of having diabetes, people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes have higher levels of anxiety and depression than the general population. We..

Published: 18/04/2021
Authors: Gallagher CG, Westall S, Langan E, Narayanan RP, McNulty S, Bujawansa S, Mitchell L, Archer N, Hardy KJ

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P167 Perceived problems in diabetes do not correlate with levels of anxiety and depression in a validated structured diabetes education programme

Aims Diabetes-related distress, anxiety and depression are all highly prevalent in people with diabetes. The Problem Areas In Diabetes (PAID) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Score (HADS) questionnaires can be used to measure these domains. We evaluated the impact of structured education on each of these. Method People with diabetes..

Published: 14/04/2021
Authors: Westall S, Narayanan RP, Langan E, Gallagher CG, Bujawansa S, McNulty SJ, Furlong NJ, Sullivan H, Hardy KJ

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P252 The impact of a validated structured education programme on diabetes-related distress in patients with type 1 diabetes

Background and Aim People with type 1 diabetes experience varying degrees of the emotional burden of diabetes and its treatments. The Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID) questionnaire can be used to evaluate this domain. As part of a local, validated structured education programme for people with type 1 diabetes, baseline and endpoint..

Published: 14/04/2021
Authors: Narayanan RP, Westall S, Sullivan H, Cardwell J, Langan E, Gallagher CG, Bujawansa S, McNulty S, Furlong NJ, Hardy KJ

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P164 The impact of a local, validated structured education programme on anxiety and depression in people with diabetes

Background People with type 1 and type 2 diabetes experience greater degrees of anxiety and depression than the general population. The Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) can evaluate this. Scores ≥8 on HADS-A (anxiety) or HADS-D (depression) indicate potential cases of anxiety or depression. Methods As part of a validated structured education programme,..

Published: 14/04/2021
Authors: Narayanan RP, Westall S, Sullivan H, Cardwell J, Cairns J, Gallagher CG, Bujawansa S, McNulty S, Furlong NJ, Hardy KJ

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A service evaluation to assess the dietary management of hospitalised patients with diabetes receiving enteral nutrition

Background Hospitalised patients with diabetes receiving enteral nutrition (EN), require a management plan from an established multidisciplinary team, including dietitians and diabetes specialist nurses(1). Optimizing glucose control in these patients is associated with better outcomes(2). However, EN may increase the risk of complications such as hyper/hypoglycaemia events(2). There is..

Published: 13/04/2021
Authors: Gallagher CG, Langan E, Blakeman S, Love J

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The impact of a validated structured education programme on diabetes-related distress in patients with type 1 diabetes

Background and Aim People with type 1 diabetes experience varying degrees of the emotional burden of diabetes and its treatments. The Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID) questionnaire can be used to evaluate this domain. As part of a local, validated structured education programme for people with type 1 diabetes, baseline and endpoint..

Published: 07/10/2020
Authors: Narayanan RP, Westall S, Sullivan H, Cardwell J, Langan E, Gallagher CG, Bujawansa S, McNulty S, Furlong NJ, Hardy KJ

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Perceived problem areas in diabetes do not correlate with levels of anxiety and depression

Background and Aim Diabetes‐related distress, anxiety and depression are all highly prevalent in people with diabetes. The Problem Areas In Diabetes (PAID) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Score (HADS) questionnaires can be used to measure these domains. We evaluated the impact of structured education on each of these. Methods..

Published: 07/10/2020
Authors: Westall S, Narayanan RP, Langan E, Gallagher CG, Bujawansa S, McNulty S, Furlong NJ, Cardwell J, Hardy KJ

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St Helens Community Staff

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Knowsley Community Staff

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Halton Community Staff

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North West Boroughs Community Health Staff

The impact of a validated structured education programme on diabetes-related distress in patients with type 1 diabetes

Background and Aim People with type 1 diabetes experience varying degrees of the emotional burden of diabetes and its treatments. The Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID) questionnaire can be used to evaluate this domain. As part of a local, validated structured education programme for people with type 1 diabetes, baseline and endpoint..

Published: 07/10/2020
Authors: Narayanan RP, Westall S, Sullivan H, Cardwell J, Langan E, Gallagher CG, Bujawansa S, McNulty S, Furlong NJ, Hardy KJ

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Perceived problem areas in diabetes do not correlate with levels of anxiety and depression

Background and Aim Diabetes‐related distress, anxiety and depression are all highly prevalent in people with diabetes. The Problem Areas In Diabetes (PAID) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Score (HADS) questionnaires can be used to measure these domains. We evaluated the impact of structured education on each of these. Methods..

Published: 07/10/2020
Authors: Westall S, Narayanan RP, Langan E, Gallagher CG, Bujawansa S, McNulty S, Furlong NJ, Cardwell J, Hardy KJ

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A community‐based, two‐week structured education programme

Aims To determine the effectiveness of a community‐based structured education programme for Type 2 diabetes, measuring Hba1c and weight change over a four month period. ‘Diabetes and You’ is a structured education programme delivered by a specialist nurse and dietitian across Knowsley. Methods Participants were recruited between January and..

Published: 26/06/2019
Authors: Gallagher CG

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