Research Development
Staff Publications
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Staff Publications
Research Development
Find out what your colleagues have been writing. This section features articles published by staff working for St Helens and Knowsley Teaching Hospitals and Halton, Knowsley and St Helens community staff.
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Abstract Objective We explored longitudinal changes associated with switching to hybrid closed-loop (HCL) insulin delivery systems in adults with type 1 diabetes and elevated HbA1c levels despite the use of intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) and insulin pump therapy. Research Design and Methods We undertook a pragmatic, preplanned observational..
Published: | 11/08/2023 |
Authors: | Furlong NJ |
Background National guidelines recognise the importance of individualising HbA1c targets. Many people with diabetes agree to have their targets re-evaluated in consultations in response to specific characteristics. Aims We aimed to evaluate the impact of relaxed or stretch HbA1c goals on subsequent HbA1c levels and health-related quality..
Published: | 25/04/2023 |
Authors: | McNulty S, Westall S, Narayanan RP, Irving G, Furlong NJ, Bujawansa S, Cardwell J, Hardy KJ |
Background National guidelines highlight the importance of individualising HbA1c targets. Little is known about the experiences of people with diabetes and diabetes healthcare professionals (HCPs) on the use of HbA1c targets. We explored the experiences of adults with diabetes and diabetes HCPs on the use of glycated haemoglobin..
Published: | 25/04/2023 |
Authors: | Westall S, Narayanan RP, Irving G, Furlong NJ, McNulty SJ, Bujawansa S, Cardwell J, Hardy KJ |
Background High levels of diabetes-related distress and low levels of self-efficacy and wellbeing are associated with poorer outcomes in people with diabetes. Aims We evaluated the impact of relaxed or stretch HbA1c targets on diabetes-related distress, self-efficacy and wellbeing in adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Methods We randomised 50..
Published: | 25/04/2023 |
Authors: | Westall S, Narayanan RP, Irving G, Furlong NJ, McNulty S, Bujawansa S, Balafshan T, Cardwell J, Hardy KJ |
Abstract AID experience in the real‐world in the United Kingdom Background Hybrid closed loop (HCL) technology automates insulin delivery and improves outcomes in people living with Type 1 diabetes. We report real‐world outcomes from adults with Type 1 diabetes with raised HbA1c despite insulin pump therapy and flash glucose..
Published: | 21/02/2023 |
Authors: | Furlong NJ |
Background Evidence and guidelines increasingly support an individualised approach to care for people with type 2 diabetes and individualisation of glycaemic targets in response to patient factors. Methods We undertook a scoping review of the literature for evidence of factors impacting upon glycated haemoglobin target individualisation in adults with type 2 diabetes...
Published: | 20/04/2022 |
Authors: | Westall S, Narayanan RP, Irving G, Furlong NJ, McNulty S, Bujawansa S, Hardy KJ |
Background and Aims We have previously shown beneficial effectsof FSL monitoring on glycaemic control and hypoglycaemia awareness in people living with diabetes. In this study we investigate the long term (≥ 2 years) effect of FSL on glycaemic control and hypoglycaemia awareness. Methods Clinicians from 106 NHS hospitals in the U.K. submitted..
Published: | 11/04/2022 |
Authors: | Furlong NJ |
Aims Foot ulceration is a major burden for patients with diabetes, with a lifetime risk of up to 34%, and precedes most amputations. Hyperglycaemia is associated adverse outcomes and improving glycaemic control is key. We report the effect of diabetes specialist nurse (DSN) - led telephone support on glycaemic balance in..
Published: | 23/03/2022 |
Authors: | Cairns J, Pendlebury H, Sullivan H, Lee C, Furlong NJ |
Aims Government plans for integrated care systems and integrated care boards are a welcome move towards more joined-up diabetes care between the NHS and local authorities, between health and social care and between specialist, community and primary care services. To plan effectively, for example, structured education for all newly diagnosed..
Published: | 23/03/2022 |
Authors: | Westall S, Mitchell L, Cardwell J, Furlong NJ, Narayanan RP, Bujawansa S, Balafshan T, Hardy KJ, McNulty S |
Aims The covid-19 pandemic was associated with legally restricted public movement (lockdowns) and reduced access to face-to-face consultation for diabetes in primary and specialist care. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the pandemic on requests for specialist telephone support. Methods Retrospective analysis of calls for..
Published: | 23/03/2022 |
Authors: | Archer N, Westall S, Cardwell J, Furlong NJ, Narayanan RP, Bujawansa S, Balafshan T, Hardy KJ, McNulty S |
Aims Covid-19 precipitated an abrupt shift to non-face-to-face (digital) consultation. Some believe that this was overdue and that digital is better for many patients. Our aim was to establish the extent to which people with diabetes were equipped to manage digital consultation and what they felt about it. Methods We..
Published: | 23/03/2022 |
Authors: | Westall S, Mitchell L, Cardwell J, Furlong NJ, Narayanan RP, Bujawansa S, Balafshan T, Hardy KJ, McNulty S |
Background 10% of people with diabetes will suffer from a diabetes foot condition at some point. Those with diabetes related foot disease have high morbidity and mortality rate. They are at higher risk of pressure ulcers and other diabetes related complications such as heart disease or stroke. Patients with neuropathy and..
Published: | 23/03/2022 |
Authors: | Sullivan H, Westall S, Furlong NJ, McNulty S, Balafshan T, Narayanan RP, Bujawansa S, Hardy KJ, Pendlebury H |
Aims Inequalities exacerbate poor health outcomes in diabetes. Structured education in type 2 diabetes is the cornerstone of supported self-management, but many people with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes in the UK are not offered structured education and non-attendance in those accepting an offer of structured education is high. The aim of..
Published: | 23/03/2022 |
Authors: | Cardwell J, Mitchell L, Westall S, McNulty S, Furlong NJ, Narayanan RP, Bujawansa S, Balafshan T, Hardy KJ |
Aims A recent primary care database study (J Rachman, Eli Lilly & Co) suggests that only about half of UK patients initiated on subcutaneous semaglutide (Ozempic) reach target maintenance dose. To assess the extent to which these data represent UK practice, we audited semaglutide dose optimisation and metabolic outcomes in our..
Published: | 23/03/2022 |
Authors: | Cardwell J, Edon E, Westall S, McNulty S, Furlong NJ, Narayanan RP, Bujawansa S, Balafshan T, Hardy KJ |
Objective To identify clinical and biochemical characteristics associated with 7- & 30-day mortality and intensive care admission amongst diabetes patients admitted with COVID-19. Research Design and Methods We conducted a cohort study collecting data from medical notes of hospitalised people with diabetes and COVID-19 in 7 hospitals within the Mersey-Cheshire region from 1..
Published: | 13/01/2022 |
Authors: | Narayanan RP, Furlong NJ, Westall S |
Background Dose Adjustment For Normal Eating (DAFNE) is the gold standard National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommended structured education programme that promotes self-management in people living with type 1 diabetes (T1D). We have recently shown that FreeStyle Libre (FSL) is associated with improved haemoglobin A1c (HbA1..
Published: | 09/12/2021 |
Authors: | Furlong NJ |
Aim To identify the baseline demographic and clinical characteristics associated with diabetes-related distress (DRD) and factors associated with improvement in DRD after initiating use of the FreeStyle Libre (FSL) in people living with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Methods The study was performed using baseline and follow-up data from the Association..
Published: | 17/06/2021 |
Authors: | Furlong NJ |
Aims Increased physical activity and a healthy lifestyle underpin efforts to prevent type 2 diabetes and are cornerstones in managing type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Not only is reduced activity associated with risk of weight gain and adverse metabolism, but it is also mooted to be associated with impaired psychological wellbeing. We..
Published: | 14/04/2021 |
Authors: | Westall S, Narayanan RP, Sullivan H, Bujawansa S, Furlong NJ, McNulty S, Cardwell J, Mitchell L, Jackson J, Hardy KJ |
Aims Diabetes-related distress, anxiety and depression are all highly prevalent in people with diabetes. The Problem Areas In Diabetes (PAID) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Score (HADS) questionnaires can be used to measure these domains. We evaluated the impact of structured education on each of these. Method People with diabetes..
Published: | 14/04/2021 |
Authors: | Westall S, Narayanan RP, Langan E, Gallagher CG, Bujawansa S, McNulty SJ, Furlong NJ, Sullivan H, Hardy KJ |
Background Better glycaemic control is exhibited in patients with higher self-care abilities. The Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) questionnaire measures diabetes self-care activities. As part of a local, validated structured education programme, we measure the SDSCA scores before and after completing structured education. Scores are outputted as ‘number of..
Published: | 14/04/2021 |
Authors: | Furlong NJ, Westall S, Cardwell J, Jackson J, Cairns J, Mitchell L, Bujawansa S, McNulty S, Narayanan RP, Hardy KJ |
Background and Aim People with type 1 diabetes experience varying degrees of the emotional burden of diabetes and its treatments. The Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID) questionnaire can be used to evaluate this domain. As part of a local, validated structured education programme for people with type 1 diabetes, baseline and endpoint..
Published: | 14/04/2021 |
Authors: | Narayanan RP, Westall S, Sullivan H, Cardwell J, Langan E, Gallagher CG, Bujawansa S, McNulty S, Furlong NJ, Hardy KJ |
Background People with type 1 and type 2 diabetes experience greater degrees of anxiety and depression than the general population. The Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) can evaluate this. Scores ≥8 on HADS-A (anxiety) or HADS-D (depression) indicate potential cases of anxiety or depression. Methods As part of a validated structured education programme,..
Published: | 14/04/2021 |
Authors: | Narayanan RP, Westall S, Sullivan H, Cardwell J, Cairns J, Gallagher CG, Bujawansa S, McNulty S, Furlong NJ, Hardy KJ |
Aims To explore the impact of a prescribing feedback intervention on insulin prescribing. Methods This was a mixed-methods study in a hospital setting. An insulin prescribing feedback intervention was delivered verbally and in writing to twelve doctors. Insulin prescribing error frequency was compared to ten doctors who had not received..
Published: | 13/03/2021 |
Authors: | Lloyd M, Bennett N, Wilkinson A, Furlong NJ, Cardwell J, Michaels S |
Background Prescribing errors are prevalent in hospital settings with provision of feedback recommended to support prescribing of doctors. Feedback on prescribing has been described as feasible and valued but limited by doctors, with pharmacists described as credible facilitators of prescribing feedback. Evidence supporting prescribing feedback has been limited to date...
Published: | 16/12/2020 |
Authors: | Lloyd M, O'Brien S, Hardy KJ, Furlong NJ |
Aim To evaluate the views of doctors and nurses on the delivery and use of a safe insulin tips (SIPS) educational programme. Methods Twelve SIPS were developed covering key areas of safe insulin use by a multi‐professional collaboration of patients and healthcare professionals. Individual SIPs were emailed weekly over 12..
Published: | 07/10/2020 |
Authors: | Lloyd M, Michaels S, Cardwell J, Furlong NJ |
Aims The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommend total contact casting (TCC) for neuropathic ulceration in the diabetic foot. The St Helens and Knowsley Hospitals Trust, Diabetes Team, determined the feasibility of starting and developing a TCC service within their diabetes foot ulcer service. Method The type..
Published: | 07/10/2020 |
Authors: | Pendlebury H, Furlong NJ, Sullivan H |
Background and Aim Better glycaemic control is exhibited in patients with higher self‐care abilities. The Summary of Diabetes Self‐Care Activities (SDSCA) questionnaire measures diabetes self‐care activities. As part of a local, validated structured education programme, we measure the SDSCA scores before and after completing structured education. Scores..
Published: | 07/10/2020 |
Authors: | Furlong NJ, Westall S, Cardwell J, Jackson J, Cairns J, Mitchell L, Bujawansa S, McNulty S, Narayanan RP, Hardy KJ |
Background and Aim Patients with type 2 diabetes experience varying degrees of the emotional burden of diabetes and its treatments. The Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID) questionnaire can be used to evaluate this domain. As part of a local, validated structured education programme for people with type 2 diabetes, baseline and endpoint..
Published: | 07/10/2020 |
Authors: | Cardwell J, Bujawansa S, McNulty S, Furlong NJ, Narayanan RP, Jackson J, Mitchell L, Westall S, Hardy KJ |
Background and Aim People with type 1 diabetes experience varying degrees of the emotional burden of diabetes and its treatments. The Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID) questionnaire can be used to evaluate this domain. As part of a local, validated structured education programme for people with type 1 diabetes, baseline and endpoint..
Published: | 07/10/2020 |
Authors: | Narayanan RP, Westall S, Sullivan H, Cardwell J, Langan E, Gallagher CG, Bujawansa S, McNulty S, Furlong NJ, Hardy KJ |
Background There has been a big drive from the UK government and Diabetes UK to provide improved psychological care for patients with diabetes. People with type 2 diabetes experience greater degrees of anxiety and depression than the general population. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire can evaluate this. As..
Published: | 07/10/2020 |
Authors: | Westall S, Jackson J, Mitchell L, Cairns J, Sullivan H, Bujawansa S, McNulty S, Furlong NJ, Narayanan RP, Hardy KJ |
Background and Aim Diabetes‐related distress, anxiety and depression are all highly prevalent in people with diabetes. The Problem Areas In Diabetes (PAID) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Score (HADS) questionnaires can be used to measure these domains. We evaluated the impact of structured education on each of these. Methods..
Published: | 07/10/2020 |
Authors: | Westall S, Narayanan RP, Langan E, Gallagher CG, Bujawansa S, McNulty S, Furlong NJ, Cardwell J, Hardy KJ |
Background and Aim People with type 1 diabetes experience greater degrees of anxiety and depression than the general population. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire can evaluate this. As part of a local, validated structured education programme for people with type 1 diabetes, baseline and endpoint measurements of anxiety and..
Published: | 07/10/2020 |
Authors: | Sullivan H, Westall S, Jackson J, Cairns J, Cardwell J, Bujawansa S, McNulty S, Furlong NJ, Narayanan RP, Hardy KJ |
Background Our Trust received funding through the NHS Diabetes Transformation Programme to improve inpatient care and foot care. The monies received for inpatient care was used to increase the number of diabetes inpatient nurses by fivefold. We introduced extended weekday coverage (0,800–2,200), weekend cover and an emergency support line. The funding..
Published: | 07/10/2020 |
Authors: | Bujawansa S, Furlong NJ, Narayanan RP, Westall S, Cardwell J, Mitchell L, Michaels S, Hardy KJ |
Introduction Diabetic foot ulcer increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, nephropathy and mortality. There is over a twofold increase in mortality compared to patients without diabetic foot ulcer, regardless of other risk factors. Aim To improve glycaemic and cardiovascular risk assessment and management on first presentation to the multidisciplinary diabetic..
Published: | 07/10/2020 |
Authors: | Roberts H, Kejem H, Furlong NJ |
OBJECTIVE The FreeStyle Libre (FSL) flash glucose-monitoring device was made available on the U.K. National Health Service (NHS) drug tariff in 2017. This study aims to explore the U.K. real-world experience of FSL and the impact on glycemic control, hypoglycemia, diabetes-related distress, and hospital admissions. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS..
Published: | 01/09/2020 |
Authors: | Furlong NJ |
Aims The aim of this research was to explore the impact of pharmacist‐led feedback on insulin prescribing. Methods This study was undertaken in a large UK teaching hospital. Ward pharmacists were trained in the delivery of prescribing feedback. Definitions of insulin prescribing errors were based on the National Diabetes..
Published: | 26/06/2019 |
Authors: | Bennett N, Cardwell J, Furlong NJ, Hart A, Lloyd M, Michaels S |
Aims To evaluate the use of multiprofessional high‐fidelity simulation to educate nurses and healthcare assistants on the management of hypoglycaemia and diabetic ketoacidosis. Methods A simulation‐based training event was developed by a multidisciplinary team. Nurses and healthcare assistants on two hospital wards were invited to participate. Effectiveness of..
Published: | 26/06/2019 |
Authors: | Cardwell J, Furlong NJ, Hart A, Lloyd M, Michaels S, Rowson M |
Aims The aim of this research was to explore the impact of feedback on insulin prescribing behaviour. Method(s) Doctors that had received feedback on their insulin prescribing were invited to participate in the study. Semi-structured interviews were used to explore the potential impact of feedback on their insulin prescribing...
Published: | 26/06/2019 |
Authors: | Bennett N, Cardwell J, Furlong NJ, Hart A, Lloyd M, Michaels S |
Background Prescribing errors occur frequently in hospital settings. Interventions to influence prescribing behaviour are needed with feedback one potential intervention to improve prescribing practice. Doctors have reported a lack of feedback on their prescribing previously whilst the literature exploring the impact of feedback on prescribing behaviour is limited. Objectives To..
Published: | 16/01/2019 |
Authors: | Furlong NJ, Hardy KJ, Lloyd M |
Abstract Prescribing errors are common and problematic in hospital settings in the UK. Pharmacists have been described as integral in the interception of prescribing errors, with effective medication communication between pharmacists and prescribers important to resolve and optimize prescribing outcomes. However, poor communication between healthcare professionals, including pharmacists and prescribers,..
Published: | 16/05/2018 |
Authors: | Furlong NJ, Hardy KJ, Lloyd M |
Highlights • Delivery of prescribing error feedback is valued by hospital pharmacists and considered sustainable • Pharmacists report altered prescribing behaviour and improved prescribing following receipt of feedback • Pharmacists report greater team-work and prescriber communication following delivery of feedback • Delivering prescribing error feedback can improve the self-confidence and self-worth of pharmacists Lloyd,..
Published: | 20/12/2017 |
Authors: | Lloyd M, Furlong NJ, Hardy KJ, O'Brien S |
Background Prescribing errors are prevalent in hospital settings with feedback identified as one potential error reduction strategy. Hospital pharmacists work alongside prescribers at ward level and are credible facilitators of prescribing error feedback. A formalised programme of pharmacist-led prescribing error feedback was designed and implemented Objective To determine the impact..
Published: | 17/08/2017 |
Authors: | Lloyd M, O'Brien S, Hardy KJ, Furlong NJ |
Abstract Introduction and aims Insulin is a high risk medication with prescribing errors potentially compromising patient care. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of educational outreach on insulin prescribing in a hospital setting. Methods Insulin prescribing was prospectively audited over a four week period. Hospital pharmacists..
Published: | 28/04/2017 |
Authors: | Hart A, Lloyd M, Furlong NJ, Hardy KJ |
Aim To conduct an audit of insulin pump therapy in the UK after the issue of guidelines for the use of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion by NICE in 2008 (Technology Appraisal 151). Methods All centres in the UK, providing pump services to children and young people were invited to participate in an..
Published: | 19/07/2016 |
Authors: | Furlong NJ |
Aims The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) published guidelines for the use of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion in 2008 (technology appraisal 151). The first UK-wide insulin pump audit took place in 2012 with the aim of determining adherence to the guidance issued in NICE technology appraisal 151. The results of the..
Published: | 19/07/2016 |
Authors: | Furlong NJ |
Introduction The National Insulin Pump Audit is a joint funded project by Diabetes UK, ABCD and the JDRF. As the Cheshire and Merseyside expert reference group for this audit we present the preliminary results for adult patients. Aims The first national audit of insulin pump therapy in the UK. Methods..
Published: | 19/07/2016 |
Authors: | Furlong NJ |
Introduction: The National Insulin Pump Audit is a joint funded project by Diabetes UK, ABCD and JDRF. As the Cheshire and Merseyside expert reference group for this audit we present the preliminary results for paediatric (children and young persons, CYP) patients. Aims: This is the first national audit of insulin..
Published: | 19/07/2016 |
Authors: | Furlong NJ |
Abstract Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) are effective for obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) because they concomitantly target obesity and dysglycaemia. Considering the high prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with T2DM, we determined the impact of 6 months’ GLP-1 RA therapy on..
Published: | 19/07/2016 |
Authors: | Furlong NJ |
Abstract Enabling patients to have a say in the design and delivery of local health services is a key priority in the NHS. The St Helens and Knowsley Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust diabetes team aimed to set up a peer support group for people with type 1 diabetes to aid in..
Published: | 19/07/2016 |
Authors: | Cardwell J, Furlong NJ, Hardy KJ, Wessels L, O'Brien S |
Background National guidelines recognise the importance of individualising HbA1c targets. Many people with diabetes agree to have their targets re-evaluated in consultations in response to specific characteristics. Aims We aimed to evaluate the impact of relaxed or stretch HbA1c goals on subsequent HbA1c levels and health-related quality..
Published: | 25/04/2023 |
Authors: | McNulty S, Westall S, Narayanan RP, Irving G, Furlong NJ, Bujawansa S, Cardwell J, Hardy KJ |
Background National guidelines highlight the importance of individualising HbA1c targets. Little is known about the experiences of people with diabetes and diabetes healthcare professionals (HCPs) on the use of HbA1c targets. We explored the experiences of adults with diabetes and diabetes HCPs on the use of glycated haemoglobin..
Published: | 25/04/2023 |
Authors: | Westall S, Narayanan RP, Irving G, Furlong NJ, McNulty SJ, Bujawansa S, Cardwell J, Hardy KJ |
Background High levels of diabetes-related distress and low levels of self-efficacy and wellbeing are associated with poorer outcomes in people with diabetes. Aims We evaluated the impact of relaxed or stretch HbA1c targets on diabetes-related distress, self-efficacy and wellbeing in adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Methods We randomised 50..
Published: | 25/04/2023 |
Authors: | Westall S, Narayanan RP, Irving G, Furlong NJ, McNulty S, Bujawansa S, Balafshan T, Cardwell J, Hardy KJ |
Background Evidence and guidelines increasingly support an individualised approach to care for people with type 2 diabetes and individualisation of glycaemic targets in response to patient factors. Methods We undertook a scoping review of the literature for evidence of factors impacting upon glycated haemoglobin target individualisation in adults with type 2 diabetes...
Published: | 20/04/2022 |
Authors: | Westall S, Narayanan RP, Irving G, Furlong NJ, McNulty S, Bujawansa S, Hardy KJ |
Background Prescribing errors are prevalent in hospital settings with provision of feedback recommended to support prescribing of doctors. Feedback on prescribing has been described as feasible and valued but limited by doctors, with pharmacists described as credible facilitators of prescribing feedback. Evidence supporting prescribing feedback has been limited to date...
Published: | 16/12/2020 |
Authors: | Lloyd M, O'Brien S, Hardy KJ, Furlong NJ |
Highlights • Delivery of prescribing error feedback is valued by hospital pharmacists and considered sustainable • Pharmacists report altered prescribing behaviour and improved prescribing following receipt of feedback • Pharmacists report greater team-work and prescriber communication following delivery of feedback • Delivering prescribing error feedback can improve the self-confidence and self-worth of pharmacists Lloyd,..
Published: | 20/12/2017 |
Authors: | Lloyd M, Furlong NJ, Hardy KJ, O'Brien S |
Background Prescribing error (PE) rates have been extensively reported in the literature. Various interventions at reducing PEs have been studied with some success, yet PEs continue to be a challenge for the health care system. Prescriber feedback has been proposed as one mechanism to reduce PEs in seminal studies. Pharmacists..
Published: | 19/07/2016 |
Authors: | Furlong NJ, Hardy KJ, Lloyd M, O'Brien S |
Abstract Doctors have reported a lack of awareness of their prescribing errors with lack of feedback considered a system failure. This article summarizes the views of hospital doctors about receiving formal prescribing error feedback from ward-based pharmacists. Lloyd, M; Watmough, SD; O'Brien, SV; Furlong, N; Hardy, K. (2015). Formalized prescribing error..
Published: | 19/07/2016 |
Authors: | Furlong NJ, Hardy KJ, Lloyd M, O'Brien S |
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Conference Abstract The Multidisciplinary Diabetes Foot Clinic manages patients primarily with neuropathic or neuroischaemic ulcers or Charcot arthropathy. The following are cases that did not fit the classical picture, requiring involvement in the wider multidisciplinary team to diagnose and treat the underlying condition. A 76-year-old gentleman with persistent bilateral plantar..
Published: | 18/04/2021 |
Authors: | Sullivan H, Furlong NJ, Pendlebury H |
Aims The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommend total contact casting (TCC) for neuropathic ulceration in the diabetic foot. The St Helens and Knowsley Hospitals Trust, Diabetes Team, determined the feasibility of starting and developing a TCC service within their diabetes foot ulcer service. Method The type..
Published: | 07/10/2020 |
Authors: | Pendlebury H, Furlong NJ, Sullivan H |
Background and Aim People with type 1 diabetes experience varying degrees of the emotional burden of diabetes and its treatments. The Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID) questionnaire can be used to evaluate this domain. As part of a local, validated structured education programme for people with type 1 diabetes, baseline and endpoint..
Published: | 07/10/2020 |
Authors: | Narayanan RP, Westall S, Sullivan H, Cardwell J, Langan E, Gallagher CG, Bujawansa S, McNulty S, Furlong NJ, Hardy KJ |
Background and Aim Diabetes‐related distress, anxiety and depression are all highly prevalent in people with diabetes. The Problem Areas In Diabetes (PAID) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Score (HADS) questionnaires can be used to measure these domains. We evaluated the impact of structured education on each of these. Methods..
Published: | 07/10/2020 |
Authors: | Westall S, Narayanan RP, Langan E, Gallagher CG, Bujawansa S, McNulty S, Furlong NJ, Cardwell J, Hardy KJ |